$2.2T GDP — sustained by oil/gas exports despite sanctions. Rerouting oil to India and China. War economy — defence spending at 6%+ of GDP. $300B reserves frozen by G7. Significant inflation and labour shortage from mobilisation.
Ranked #2 globally on nuclear warheads (5,977). Conventional forces degraded by Ukraine war — 300K+ casualties estimated. Still possesses Iskander ballistic missiles, hypersonics (Kinzhal, Zircon). Nuclear doctrine under active discussion.
Isolation from West — pivoted to China, Iran, North Korea, and Global South. Wagner/Africa Corps in Sahel. CSTO fragmented after Armenia-Azerbaijan war. Belarus fully in orbit. Nuclear threats as diplomatic tool.